winning press freedom conference

The Great Firewall of China is not the only censorship fortification the
Chinese authorities have built to stop the “foreign invaders.”
At the cost of hundreds of millions of dollars, the regime has also
erected a veritable Maginot Line of antennas and signal jammers that effectively
covers the ears of the entire country.
Voice of Tibet, an attempt to bring news and information to that region,
and its director, Oystein Alme, know all about this gagging system.
Chinese Jammers Play No Music
By Oystein Alme
It is a misconception from many sides and misinformed by the Chinese that
Western journalists are against the Tibetans and that the Tibetans hate the
Chinese people.
The criticism is based on what the Chinese authorities have committed to
themselves. China is a permanent member of the UN Security Council with veto
power.
The Chinese Constitution’s article 35 says freedom of the press, freedom of
expression, and freedom of association are guaranteed.
What happened in Tibet, why did they risk their lives to protest? The debate
has turned in different directions. What is happening in Tibet, and why did the
demonstrations take place? The Dalai Lama travels the world to try to get an
acceptable answer to their relationship with China in a peaceful way.
During the March 14 demonstrations in Lhasa, the police had vanished. The
next day the police used brutal force, and at the same time, the footage came to
the rest of the world, and covered half of the domestic news for a week.
Under normal circumstances, this would not have happened. Look now at how the
Chinese authorities portray the Tibetans as criminals and terrorists, and the
Dalai Lama as their master schemer and they say they can prove it.
The Chinese could not give the terrorist label to the Tibetans before March
14. The Dalai Lama has called it cultural genocide. The Tibetans say the ethnic
Chinese moving into is a major problem of assimilation.
All the journalists and tourists were kicked out of Tibet, except those
journalists who agreed to take guided tours of the conflict areas. You see that
the monks were able to get to the journalists. They said, “We are not against
the Olympics—we’re for them.” This is good example that the people of Tibet are
for the Chinese people, not against them.
The Chinese government uses information and a media monopoly to bring the
word of the party to the masses. They must control the message and prevent other
messages to get in. That’s why jamming is so normal and used against us ever
since we started our broadcasts.
There are two ways to jam. Since what we do is use shortwave transmission,
the Chinese authorities jam long distance mainly in four cities, but they now
use three cross jamming transmitters. The International Telecommunications Union
is responsible for frequencies distribution. They’re supposed to address the
jamming problem. But they tell us, “We know, others have made that complaint,
but we don’t have any way of addressing China, so speak to someone else.”
The other way is ground-wave jamming, which uses small installations that can
take out a city or a valley. They do some jamming locally, spending hundreds of
millions of US dollars to jam and block access to foreign transmissions. In
Tibet, they’ve built more than 100 jamming antennas that block us in cities and
townships.
In China, it’s illegal to listen to our program. The dog will bark if
someone’s coming. They can listen as long as the dog doesn’t bark. We beam to
private satellite dish owners. The government threatens satellite companies to
remove our dishes.
Voice of Tibet is very small with very limited resources. And China violates
our freedom of speech. I’ve protested to the government of Norway. They think
we’re trying to split Tibet from China. The jamming doesn’t stop at the border.
You can’t even hear our transmission in Paris because it’s still jammed.
This is an important aspect that the people in China know very little about
Tibet, only what they’ve heard from the monopoly sources in China. Foreign news
doesn’t reach China or Tibet. It would be important to speak to Chinese
authorities.
Some ask how we’re going to handle the opening ceremony. If you don’t respond
to our demands, we’ll use the sanctions we have. The opening ceremony can be one
of the ways we address it.
Oystein Alme is Director of Voice of Tibet, a station funded by the
Norwegian government that broadcasts in Tibetan and Mandarin.
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